KLS英語学習教室
英文法 【関係代名詞】に関する確認問題[Basic]
問題数全10題/8題以上正答で確認完了!
★【解答と解説】はこのページ(問題)の下にあります。
[1] I don’t know the man [who/whose/whom]
came here yesterday.
[2] The girl [who/whose/whom] was found in
the park yesterday is his daughter.
[3] I know a girl [who/whose/whom] mother is
a very famous actress.
[4] He is the man [whom/whose/which] I met
there last week.
[5] How do you like the restaurant [what/whose/which]
opened last week?
[6] That building [that/whose/which] roof is
painted blue is his house.
[7] This is the dictionary [which/who/whom]
I have wanted for a long time.
[8] The road [it/that/whose] leads to the
national park is very wide.
[9] [It/That/What] is important to you is
also important to us.
[10] This is [that/what/which] I wanted to
know.
【解答と解説】
[1] I don’t know the man [who/whose/whom]
came here yesterday.
「私は昨日ここに来た男を知りません」
(答え)who
【関係代名詞】の構造は、次のように理解する(①+②=関係代名詞の文):
①I don’t know the man.
②The man came here yesterday.
↓
①I don’t know <the man=先行詞(人)>.
②<The man⇒関係代名詞に変える> came here yesterday.
①+②…<The man(主語)⇒He(主格)⇒who(主格の関係代名詞)>
=I don’t know the man ←[who came here yesterday].
[2] The girl [who/whose/whom] was found in
the park yesterday is his daughter.
「昨日その公園で発見された女の子は彼の娘だ」
(答え)who
【関係代名詞】の構造は、次のように理解する(①+②=関係代名詞の文):
①The girl is his daughter.
②The girl was found in the park
yesterday.
↓
①<The girl=先行詞(人)> is his daughter.
②<The girl⇒関係代名詞に変える> was found in the park yesterday.
①+②…<The girl(主語)⇒She(主格)⇒ who(主格の関係代名詞)>
=The girl ←[who was found in the park yesterday] is his daughter.
[3] I know a girl [who/whose/whom] mother is
a very famous actress.
「私は母親が非常に有名な女優である女の子を知っている」
(答え)whose
【関係代名詞】の構造は、次のように理解する(①+②=関係代名詞の文):
①I know a girl.
②A girl’s mother is a very famous actress.
↓
①I know <a girl=先行詞(人)>.
②<A girl’s⇒関係代名詞に変える> mother is a very famous actress.
①+②…<A girl’s(「~の」という意味)⇒Her(所有格)⇒whose(所有格の関係代名詞)>
=I know a girl ←[whose mother is a very famous actress].
[4] He is the man [whom/whose/which] I met
there last week.
「彼は私が先週そこで会った男性です」
(答え)whom
【関係代名詞】の構造は、次のように理解する(①+②=関係代名詞の文):
①He is the man.
②I met the man there last week.
↓
①He is <the man=先行詞(人)>.
②I met <the man⇒関係代名詞に変えて、先行詞の後ろ(②の文の先頭)へ> there last week.
①+②…<the man(目的語)⇒him(目的格)⇒whom(目的格の関係代名詞)>
=He is the man ←[(whom)
I met there last week].
(注)口語では、「目的格」にwhoを使うことも可能。ただし、上のような文では、一般的に、whom(who)は省略される(目的格の関係代名詞は省略することができる)。
[5] How do you like the restaurant [what/whose/which]
opened last week?
「先週オープンしたそのレストランはどうでしたか」
(答え)which
【関係代名詞】の構造は、次のように理解する(①+②=関係代名詞の文):
①How do you like the restaurant?
②The restaurant opened last week.
↓
①How do you like <the restaurant=先行詞(人以外)>?
②<The restaurant⇒関係代名詞に変える> opened last week.
①+②…<The restaurant(主語)⇒It(主格)⇒which(主格の関係代名詞)>
=How do you like the restaurant ←[which opened last week]?
[6] That building [that/whose/which] roof is
painted blue is his house.
「青くペンキが塗られた屋根のあの建物が彼の家です」
(答え)whose
【関係代名詞】の構造は、次のように理解する(①+②=関係代名詞の文):
①That building is his house.
②That building’s roof is painted blue.
↓
①<That building=先行詞(人以外)> is his house.
②<That building’s⇒関係代名詞に変える> roof is painted blue.
①+②…<That building’s(「~の」という意味)⇒Its(所有格)⇒whose(所有格の関係代名詞)>
=That building ←[whose roof is painted
blue] is his house.
(注)「関係代名詞」のthatには「所有格」はない。
[7] This is the dictionary [which/who/whom]
I have wanted for a long time.
「これは私がずっと欲しかった辞書です」
(答え)which
【関係代名詞】の構造は、次のように理解する(①+②=関係代名詞の文):
①This is the dictionary.
②I have wanted the dictionary for a
long time.
↓
①This is <the dictionary=先行詞(人以外)>.
②I have wanted <the dictionary⇒関係代名詞に変えて、先行詞の後ろ(②の文の先頭)へ> for a long time.
①+②…<the dictionary(目的語)⇒it(目的格)⇒which(目的格の関係代名詞)>
=This is the dictionary ←[(which) I have wanted for a long time].
(注)上のような文では、一般的に(口語では)、whichは省略される(目的格の関係代名詞は省略することができる)。
[8] The road [it/that/whose] leads to the
national park is very wide.
「国立公園に通じているその道は非常に広い」
(答え)that
【関係代名詞】の構造は、次のように理解する(①+②=関係代名詞の文):
①The road is very wide.
②The road leads to the national park.
↓
①<The road=先行詞(人以外)> is very wide.
②<The road⇒関係代名詞に変える> leads to the national park.
①+②…<The road(主語)⇒It(主格)⇒that(主格の関係代名詞)>
=The road ←[that leads to the national park] is very wide.
(注)「関係代名詞」のthatは、【先行詞】が「人」又は「人以外(もの・事・動物)」の両方の場合に使える。
(注)上の文は、(主格の関係代名詞の)whichと交換可能。
[9] [It/That/What] is important to you is
also important to us.
「あなたにとって重要なことは私たちにとっても重要なのです」
(答え)What
「関係代名詞」のwhatの意味と構造を理解する。【関係代名詞のwhat】は、そのなかに物・事柄を表す先行詞”thing(s)”を含んで、【…(する・である)もの・こと】という意味で用いる。【what…=the thing(s) which…】と理解する(以下参照):
① The thing
is also important to us.+②The thing is important to you.
=The thing ←[which is important to you] is also important to us. ⇒ [What is important to you] is also important to us.
[10] This is [that/what/which] I wanted to
know.
「これは私が知りたかったことです」
(答え)what
「関係代名詞」のwhatの意味と構造を理解する。【関係代名詞のwhat】は、そのなかに物・事柄を表す先行詞”thing(s)”を含んで、【…(する・である)もの・こと】という意味で用いる。【what…=the thing(s) which…】と理解する(以下参照):
①This is the thing.+②I wanted to know the
thing.
=This is the thing ←[which I wanted to know]. ⇒ This is [what I
wanted to know].
ホームに戻る